Forging Processing: Forging High-Strength Metal Components with High Temperature and High Pressure

Forging Processing: Forging High-Strength Metal Components with High Temperature and High Pressure

In the field of industrial manufacturing, forging processing has always been an indispensable core technology when it comes to obtaining metal parts that combine toughness and strength. Unlike casting, which relies on the pouring of liquid metal, forging achieves the shaping of metal in a solid state through the "dual action" of high-temperature heating and high-pressure forging, ultimately "forging" industrial "frameworks" that can withstand harsh working conditions.

The key to forging processing lies in the precise control of "temperature" and "pressure". First, workers heat the metal billet to a specific temperature range—usually 60% to 80% of the metal's melting point. At this stage, the internal grains of the metal become active: while maintaining a solid state, the metal also gains excellent plasticity, like "awakened" steel waiting to be forged and shaped. Subsequently, equipment such as hydraulic presses and forging hammers apply high pressure ranging from thousands to tens of thousands of tons, squeezing and hammering the billet according to the preset mold. This forces the internal grains of the metal to rearrange and bond tightly, compressing the originally loose microstructures and significantly reducing pores and impurities.

This "high-temperature shaping + high-pressure densification" process endows forged parts with performance advantages far exceeding those of ordinary castings. Take automotive crankshafts and construction machinery track plates as examples—these parts need to withstand alternating loads, impact, and friction for a long time. After forging processing, the metal density can increase by more than 10%, and the tensile strength and wear resistance are significantly enhanced. Even during high-speed operation or heavy-load work, the risk of fracture and deformation can be reduced.

Nowadays, with the integration of numerical control technology, forging processing has become more precise—computers can adjust temperature and pressure parameters in real time, controlling the dimensional error of each forged part within the millimeter range. From aero-engine turbine disks in the aerospace field to high-pressure valves in civil applications, forging processing continues to lay a solid "high-strength" foundation for industrial manufacturing with the power of high temperature and high pressure.