Key Factors Affecting Forging Quality and Their Solutions

Key Factors Affecting Forging Quality and Their Solutions

Forging quality directly determines the strength, precision, and durability of components, and is a critical factor related to the safety of products in downstream fields such as machinery and automotive manufacturing. In actual production, multiple factors including raw materials, process parameters, molds, and equipment interact with each other, which may cause quality defects such as cracks, laps, and dimensional non-conformities. This article analyzes the key factors affecting forging quality and proposes practical solutions to help enterprises produce stable, high-quality forged products.

Raw material quality is the foundation of forging processing and one of the most fundamental influencing factors. Uneven chemical composition, excessive impurity content, and internal defects (such as inclusions and blowholes) in raw materials will lead to uneven plastic deformation during forging, thereby inducing cracks. Solutions include: purchasing raw materials from formal manufacturers, strictly implementing inspection procedures such as composition analysis and ultrasonic flaw detection upon warehousing to eliminate unqualified materials; meanwhile, conducting homogenization heat treatment on raw materials before forging to uniformize their composition and microstructure and improve plasticity.

Improper setting of process parameters is a major cause of quality defects. In particular, heating temperature in hot forging, lubrication condition in cold forging, temperature control in warm forging, as well as pressing speed and dwell time in all processes, directly affect the quality of formed parts. Solutions involve: optimizing process parameter settings according to raw material types and forging methods; real-time monitoring of parameters such as temperature and pressure during production, and making timely adjustments if deviations occur.

The condition of molds and equipment is also crucial for stabilizing quality. Mold wear, increased surface roughness, and blocked cooling water channels will reduce the surface quality and dimensional accuracy of products; decreased equipment precision and unstable pressing force will damage the uniformity of forming. Solutions include: regularly inspecting, grinding, and maintaining molds, cleaning the cooling system, and calibrating the precision of equipment to prevent failures in advance.

In addition, the standardization of operators' operations also affects processing quality. Solutions include: conducting professional technical training for operators, standardizing operating procedures, and setting up quality inspection nodes throughout the production process to reduce human errors. Comprehensively controlling the above factors and implementing corresponding solutions can significantly improve the stability of forging processing quality.